COMMENCEMENT OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS & CONCEPTION OF FAIR TRIAL IN INDIA
Criminal Procedure INTRODUCTION In medieval India, after Muslim conquest, the ‘Mohammedan criminal law’ came into force, after this, The British passed the ‘Regulating Act of 1773’ which led to the establishment of Supreme courts in three presidency towns of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. The effect of the statute was to apply British procedural law while deciding upon the cases of Crown’s subjects. After 1857 Revolt, the crown took over the Indian administration. The British parliament passed the Criminal Procedure Code, 1861, which continued till post-Independence era and It was amended in 1969. It was finally replaced in 1972. The Code of Criminal Procedure Code,1973 (Act No. 2 of 1974) is the main legislation on the procedure for administration on substantive criminal law in India which includes machinery for the investigation of crime, apprehension of suspected criminals, collection of evidence, determination of guilt or innocence of the accused person and